P-BITS AND Q-BITS: PROBABILISTIC AND QUANTUM COMPUTING

Spintronics;Correlations;Qubits;Pbits;Hardware Accelerations;Statistical Physics;Fermi Function;Boltzmann Law;Reservoir;Canonical Ensemble;Grand Canonical Ensemble;Entropy;Shannon Entropy;Thermodynamic Entropy;Information Entropy;Free Energy;Energy;Self-Consistent Field;Neural Networks;Boltzmann Machines;Synapse;Neurons;Machine Learning;Bayesian Inference;Hebbian Learning;Contrastive Divergence (CD);Optimization;Constrained Optimization;Binary Representation;Bipolar Representation;Graph Partitioning;Image Classification;Modern Hopfield Network;Markov Chain Monte Carlo;Gibbs Sampling;Metropolis Algorithm;Transition Matrix;Sequential Updates;Simultaneous Updates;Bayes Theorem;Classical Spins;Quantum Computing;Adiabatic Quantum Computing;EPR Experiment;Bell's Inequality;Quantum Annealing;Hadamard Gates; Grover Search;Shor's Algorithm;Feynman Paths;Quantum Boltzmann Law;Density Matrix;Wavefunction;Transverse Field;Quantum Transition Matrix;Period Finding;Sign Problem;Quantum Monte Carlo;Quantum Transition Matrix;Quantum Gates;Quantum Spins