ELECTROANALYTICAL OVERVIEW

Electroanalytical Overview offers a comprehensive introduction to electrochemistry and its applications in electroanalysis. It begins by establishing the fundamental principles before guiding readers through the most widely used electroanalytical techniques, their practical applications, and methods for reliable data analysis. Sensor design and fabrication are explored in detail, along with key considerations for experiments conducted in the laboratory, with real samples, or on site.

The book also examines associated redox processes and a broad range of analytes, from heavy metals and environmental contaminants to healthcare-related targets, highlighting their importance, regulatory limits, and representative electroanalytical outputs. A dedicated chapter on biosensors introduces their components, fabrication strategies, and examples from current research.

Looking towards the future of the field, the book explores the rapidly expanding role of additive manufacturing (3D printing) in creating bespoke electrochemical sensors. It concludes with an overview of wearable electroanalytical technologies, discussing strategies for sensor integration and the challenges of adapting devices for use on different parts of the body.

Contents:

• Preface
• About the Authors
• Introduction to Electrochemistry:
  • Chemical Equilibrium
  • Equilibrium Electrochemistry
  • Nernst Equation: Introduction
  • Nernst Equation: Applied
  • Nernst Equation: Activities or Concentration
  • Nernst Equation: Summary
  • Dynamic Electrochemistry
  • Butler–Volmer Equation
  • Tafel Equation
  • Faraday's Law
  • Nernst–Planck Equation
  • Fick's Laws of Diffusion
  • Nernst Diffusion Layer
  • Linear Sweep Voltammetry
  • Cyclic Voltammetry
  • Convention of Cyclic Voltammograms
  • Electrochemical Reversibility
  • Randles–Ševčík Equations
  • Heterogeneous Charge Transfer Coefficient
  • Effect of pH
  • Multi-Step Electron Transfer Processes
  • Adsorbed Voltammetry
  • Laviron Equation
  • Marcus Theory
  • Marcus–Hush Theory
  • Microelectrode Voltammetry
  • Ultramicroelectrodes
  • Classical Carbon Electrodes
  • Electrochemical Potential Windows
  • References
• Introduction to Electroanalysis:
  • Introduction to Electroanalysis
  • Stripping Voltammetry
  • Pulse Voltammetry Techniques
  • Potentiometry
  • Amperometry
  • Chronoamperometry
  • Flow Injection Analysis
  • Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
  • Rotating Disc Electrochemistry
  • Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)
  • Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV)
  • How to Overcome Interferents
  • Advice on Data Analysis and Treatment
  • Validation of Electroanalytical Sensor
  • References
• Fabricating Electroanalytical Sensors:
  • Potentiostat
  • Electrodes
  • Key Experimental Challenges
  • References
• Types of Analytes:
  • Understanding Surface Sensitivity: Outer-Sphere vs Inner-Sphere
  • Useful Redox Probes
  • Useful Analytes
  • Heavy Metals and Associated Chemical Elements
  • Gases
  • Hydrogen
  • Measurement of Diffusion Coefficients
  • References
• Introduction to Biosensors:
  • Introduction to Electroanalytical Biosensors
  • Glucose Sensors
  • Immunoassays
  • Nucleic-Acid-Based Sensors
  • Aptamer Sensors
  • Ratiometric Sensors
  • Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
  • Parameters for Biosensors
  • References
• New Advances in Electroanalysis Using Additive Manufacturing:
  • Introduction to Additive Manufacturing/li>
  • The Range of Additive Manufacturing
  • FFF/FDM
  • CAD Files/Slicing
  • General Use of Additive Manufacturing within Labs
  • An Introduction to Additive Manufacturing Electroanalysis
  • Design and Printing Considerations
  • Fully Additively Manufactured Electrochemical Cells
  • Bespoke Filaments
  • Improving Sustainability in Additive Manufacturing Electroanalysis
  • Additive-Manufactured Filaments for Non-Aqueous Electroanalysis
  • References
• Wearable Electroanalytical Technology:
  • Introduction to Wearable Technologies
  • Manufacturing Techniques for Wearables
  • Strategies and Substrates for Wearable Devices
  • Wearable Devices for Healthcare
  • Wearable Devices for Athletic Performance
  • Wearable Electrochemical Sensors for Agriculture and Environmental Monitoring
  • References
• Index

Readership: This book is aimed at undergraduate and masters students in chemistry, and is ideal for courses on electrochemistry at this level. The book may also be useful for early-stage PhD students, as well as industry professionals working in electrochemistry and electroanalysis.