Eve Was Named an Apostle

This book investigates the movement of the Eve parallelism along the chain of tradition, focusing primarily upon the female characters of the Gospel of John. The principal aim is to explore their interrelationship with the mother of Jesus who, in the developed ecclesial tradition, is eventually given the title New Eve. Accordingly, this work examines the motif of woman in the Fourth Gospel by probing the use of the nuptial metaphor where female narrative characters are presented both as idealized disciples and fictive brides of the divine Bridegroom. By means of a common narrative-critical approach, this book then engages the thought of Hippolytus of Rome as found in his Commentary on the Song of Songs. Specifically, it explores how his focus upon the myrrophores is an expansion of the Johannine tradition, and one in which the nuptial metaphor takes on an ecclesial significance. By presenting the primordial garden in a narrative climax whereby a symbolic recapitulation occurs in the resurrection garden, Hippolytus shifts the Eve parallelism from the mother of Jesus to the Magdalene. This, in turn, is early evidence of a confluence of understanding, whereby she is not only disciple, but also both Eve and apostola apostolorum.